12/14/2023 0 Comments Congress of vienna italy 1830![]() ![]() In Austria, Germany and Italy Metternich set up a secret police system to look for secret societies made up of liberals, nationalists and revolutionary groups. O Metternich, the Austrian Chancellor convinced the other European leaders to join together to crush revolutions (the Congress System). The liberals were to take a leading part in the European revolutions of 18. Millions of Europeans became liberals, believing in the ideas of liberty and equality, and wanting a constitution giving them rights. But in 1815 the old rulers of Europe took back their thrones and got rid of these constitutions and went back ruling in the old way. The idea of liberty and equality therefore spread across Europe. Liberal constitutions were introduced into the states that came under French control. O The idea of giving people liberty and equality through a constitution was one of the important achievements of the French Revolution. In 18 people who were not happy with the way their country was governed, did what the French had done in 1789 – they rebelled against their foreign rulers. Napoleon and the French, however, had set an example that these people would not forget. Millions of Italians came again under Austrian rule, Poles under Russian rule, Belgians under Dutch rule and so on. This came to an end in 1815 with the Congress of Vienna. Many Europeans found out what it was like to live in their own nations. O During the Revolutionary Wars, the French set up new nations in lands they had conquered (in Italy, Germany, Poland). Prussia received the Rhineland as a buffer against a French attack against Germany. ![]() ![]() Holland, Belgium and Luxemburg were united into one kingdom (Kingdom of the Netherlands). The German Confederation was made up of 39 states and it included Austria and Prussia. Italy was divided into twelve states, the northern states under Austria. Old royal families took their thrones in Spain, Holland, Italy and Germany. The old politicians re-created many of the old states that Napoleon had destroyed. O With Napoleon defeated, the Congress of Vienna met to redraw the map of Europe. Part 1 of 1: Review the points below and answer the questions that follow. ![]()
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